Testing water and keeping your water clean is the most important thing to do with your pond. The pH and the hardiness of the water also needs to be tested. You also need to test for ammonia and nitrates.
There is three types of filtration for your pond, mechanical, chemical, and biological. Biological filters come in three different types down flow, up flow and lateral flow. Skimmers pull water from the surface and remove things off the top.
You also need some type of aeration other than your filter. Some decorative types would be a waterfall or a fountain. If you don't have these you can also add a regular pump.
One of the hardest things to beat is algae. Algae can take over your pond. Especially if it is in the direct sunlight. It can also be caused by high nitrate levels. Try adding a UV sterilizer and doing a partial water change.
New ponds are like new aquariums because both take time to get established. It can be up to 6 weeks before your water is safe to add fish. You can be adding some plants during that time though.
A bottom drain for you pond is really handy. If you didn't add one you may want to consider adding one. Also and overflow pipe comes in handy when it rains or snows.
Cleaning the pond is critical. You need to remove leaves from the top and vacuum the dirt that collects on the bottom. If you have a bottom drain you can open it to remove dirt too.
Springtime is when you need to do the heavy duty cleaning. In the summer you need to watch the algae growth and do partial water changes.
Spring is a time for cleaning. Summer is when you need to monitor algae growth and do partial water changes. Fall is when you need to watch for falling debris. Remove any debris and dying plants in your pond.
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